国际海事组织海事安全委员会寻求更严格地遵守全球安全管理标准，以保护船员福利。

国际海事组织（IMO）正在采取行动，确保全球船舶的安全管理和运营，重新关注海员问题，如工作和休息时间、疲劳、暴力和骚扰，包括性骚扰、欺凌和性侵犯。

国际海事组织海事安全委员会在伦敦举行了第110届会议（6月18日至27日），重点讨论了如何改进《国际安全管理规则》的实施。

《守则》为船舶安全管理和运营以及污染防治制定了全球标准。

委员会同意对国际海事组织关于执行《国际安全管理规则》的指导方针进行全面修订，包括行政部门和公司。

它还决定在港口国管制的支持下，通过更新相关的海事组织准则，加强《守则》的一致执行。

该倡议旨在解决《规则》应用中已发现的差距，同时考虑到国际海事组织秘书处去年委托进行的一项关于《国际安全管理规则》有效性和有效实施的独立研究中概述的一系列建议。

国际海事组织文书执行小组委员会（III）将与人为因素、培训和值班小组委员会（HTW）合作，在2028年之前的三年内对ISM规则的实施指南进行修订。

解决船上的暴力和骚扰问题

修订《国际安全管理规则》实施指南还旨在解决政府和航运公司在防止船上暴力和骚扰方面的主要建议，包括性骚扰、欺凌和性侵犯。这些措施包括：

将政策纳入安全管理系统，以预防、报告、应对和记录暴力和骚扰案件，包括性骚扰、欺凌和性侵犯，并规定受害者护理、防止报复，以及明确的安全管理目标，包括风险评估和保障措施。

确保安全管理系统符合所有强制性法规，包括关于暴力和骚扰的国家法律，并遵守相关行业机构的指导。

为公司的高级管理层和海事管理部门分配明确的责任，以处理报告的案件，并为船上和岸上的响应提供足够的资源，包括为受害者提供医疗和心理健康支持。

为海员和指定的岸上人员提供公司政策及其执行方面的培训和熟悉。

这些建议是由国际海事组织/国际劳工组织确定和解决海员问题和人为因素联合三方工作组（JTWG）制定的。

工作时间和休息时间

此外，委员会通过对可能有助于解决工作量和船员水平之间不平衡的相关法律文书进行范围界定，并保护海员的福祉，将解决疲劳和工作休息时间的工作列为优先事项。

在这方面，委员会指示HTW小组委员会着手分析国际海事组织与上述事项有关的规定。

HTW小组委员会将与第三小组委员会合作，在两年内（2026-2027年）开展这项工作，并审议ISM规则研究中提出的建议，这些建议涉及对涉及资源和人员的文书进行全面审查。

该研究由一个专家小组在2023年和2024年进行，包括一系列建议，例如审查《国际安全管理规则》，引入报告不合规行为的投诉程序，加强船长的权力，以保护违反《国际安全监管规则》的行为，并在船舶上树立安全文化作为目标。

委员会注意到正在对《海员培训、发证和值班标准国际公约》（《STCW公约》）进行全面审查，其中还发现了《STCW条约》和《守则》中关于休息时间的规定存在差距，预计将作为全面审查的一部分加以解决。

MSC的其他成果

除了海员事务外，海事安全委员会还涵盖了与国际航运安全和安保有关的广泛关键问题。在以下领域取得了关键进展：

规范自主船舶：在起草《海上自主水面船舶非强制性规则》方面取得了相当大的进展，25章中有24章已定稿。

MASS代码开发路线图已经更新。

温室气体燃料安全制度：委员会继续努力为使用新技术和替代燃料的船舶制定安全法规，以支持减少温室气体排放，包括启动审查国际海事组织《核商船安全守则》（《核守则》）的工作。

海事安全：委员会通过了一项决议，鼓励通过使用国家和区域海事信息共享中心来共享海事信息，以加强海事安全和安保。

网络安全：委员会支持制定非强制性的网络安全准则，并邀请感兴趣的会员国和国际组织向MSC 111提交关于这方面新成果的建议。

试点转移安排：委员会通过了《国际海上人命安全公约》和相关文书的修正案，以加强试点转移安排的安全相关要求，包括强制性绩效标准。

英文原文

IMO Targets Seafarer Fatigue, Work And Rest Hours, And Harassment At Sea

IMO’s Maritime Safety Committee seeks stronger compliance with global safety management standards to protect crew welfare.

The International Maritime Organization (IMO) is taking action to ensure that ships worldwide are safely managed and operated, with a renewed focus on seafarer issues such as work and rest hours, fatigue, and violence and harassment, including ***ual harassment, bullying and ***ual assault.

Meeting in London for its 110th session (18 – 27 June), the IMO’s Maritime Safety Committee focused on improving implementation of the International Safety Management (ISM) Code. The Code sets the global standard for safe management and operation of ships and for pollution prevention.

The Committee agreed to carry out a comprehensive revision of the IMO guidelines on implementing the ISM Code, both for Administrations and for companies. It also decided to strengthen the consistent enforcement of the Code, with support from port State control and by updating related IMO guidelines.

This initiative seeks to address identified gaps in the Code’s application, while taking into account a series of recommendations outlined in an independent study commissioned by the IMO Secretariat in the previous year, on the effectiveness and effective implementation of the ISM Code.

The revision of the implementation guidelines of the ISM Code will be carried out by the Sub-Committee on Implementation of IMO Instruments (III), in association with the Sub-Committee on Human Element, Training and Watchkeeping (HTW) over three years till 2028.

Addressing violence and harassment on ships

The revision of the guidelines on the implementation of the ISM Code is also intended to address key recommendations for Administrations and shipping companies related to the prevention of violence and harassment on board ships, including ***ual harassment, bullying and ***ual assault. These include:

Incorporating policies into safety management systems to prevent, report, respond to, and document, cases of violence and harassment, including ***ual harassment, bullying and ***ual assault, with provisions for victim care, protection against retaliation, and clear safety management objectives including risk assessment and safeguards.

Ensuring safety management systems compliance with all mandatory regulations, including national laws on violence and harassment, and that guidance from relevant industry bodies is observed.

Assigning clear responsibilities to a company’s senior management and maritime administrations for addressing reported cases, and providing adequate resources for onboard and shoreside response, including access to medical and mental health support for victims.

Providing training and familiarization for seafarers and designated shoreside personnel on company policies and their implementation.

These recommendations were developed by the Joint IMO/ILO Tripartite Working Group to Identify and Address Seafarers’ Issues and the Human Element (JTWG).

Hours of work and hours of rest

In addition, the Committee prioritized its work to tackle fatigue and hours of work and rest, by conducting a scoping exercise of relevant legal instruments that may help to address imbalances between workload and crewing levels, and to protect the well-being of seafarers.

In this regard, the Committee instructed the HTW Sub-Committee to take on the work of analysing IMO provisions related to the above-mentioned matters. The HTW Sub-Committee, in association with the III Sub-Committee, will work on this over two years (2026-2027), and consider the recommendations emanating from the study on the ISM Code, related to a holistic review of instruments dealing with resources and personnel.

The study, conducted by a panel of experts during 2023 and 2024, includes a range of recommendations, such as reviewing the ISM Code to introduce a complaint procedure for reporting non-compliance, strengthening the master’s authority to escalate breaches of the ISM Code with protection, and embedding a safety culture, as an objective, on ships.

The Committee noted the ongoing comprehensive review of the International Convention on Standards of Training, Certification and Watchkeeping for Seafarers (STCW Convention), where a gap in regulations on hours of rest in the STCW Convention and Code was also identified and is expected to be addressed as part of the comprehensive review.

Other MSC outcomes

Aside from seafarer matters, the Maritime Safety Committee covered a wide range of key issues related to the safety and security of international shipping. Key developments were made in the following areas:

Towards regulating autonomous ships: Considerable progress in the drafting of the non-mandatory Code for Maritime Autonomous Su***ce Ships (MASS), with 24 out of 25 chapters finalized. The Road Map on development of the MASS Code has been updated.

GHG fuel safety regime: The Committee continued its work to develop safety regulations for ships using new technologies and alternative fuels to support the reduction of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, including initiating work to review the IMO Code of Safety for Nuclear Merchant Ships (Nuclear Code).

Maritime security: The Committee adopted a resolution Encouragement of maritime information-sharing through the use of national and regional maritime information-sharing centres to enhance maritime safety and security.

Cyber-security: The Committee endorsed the development of a non-mandatory cybersecurity Code and invited interested Member States and international organizations to submit proposals on a new output in this regard to MSC 111.

Pilot transfer arrangements: The Committee adopted amendments to the SOLAS Convention and related instruments to strengthen safety-related requirements for pilot transfer arrangements, including mandatory performance standards.

免责申明：本文来自Marine Insight.仅代表作者观点，不代表中国海员之家立场。其真实性及原创性未能得到中国海员之家证实，在此感谢原作者的辛苦创作，如转载涉及版权等问题，请作者与我们联系，我们将在第一时间处理，谢谢！联系邮箱：cnisu@54seaman.com