委内瑞拉当局拘留了一艘名为Four Plus的油轮,原因是该油轮未经许可在其水域航行,并悬挂假圭亚那国旗。
该事件发生在2025年1月12日,在距离委内瑞拉海岸约25英里的玛格丽塔岛的Guamache港口。
包括海岸警卫队、禁毒情报和军事反情报人员在内的一组官员执行了拘留。
负责东部海上防御区的海军中将Leonardo Castellano Molina下令对油轮的可疑活动进行调查。
Four Plus是一艘45,000载重吨的成品油轮,建于2000年。它以前被命名为YONG XIN,由总部位于中国的Shanghai Xuanrun Shipping有限公司运营。
自2018年以来,这艘船一直归中国所有,并于2024年10月更名。
根据AIS(自动识别系统)数据,该船于2024年11月22日离开中国宁波,于2025年1月5日抵达特立尼达和多巴哥的利萨斯锚地点。
AIS信号在那之后停止,因此不清楚油轮何时进入委内瑞拉水域。
圭亚那海事管理局(MARAD)证实,该船没有在圭亚那注册,无权悬挂该国国旗。
MARAD在1月13日发表声明说:“该船没有被授权悬挂圭亚那国旗或声称圭亚那国籍。”
MARAD补充说,圭亚那有一个封闭的船舶登记处,只允许圭亚那国民、居民或加勒比共同体(CARICOM)国家公民拥有的船舶注册。
该部门还澄清说,它不会向外国船只提供“方便旗”。
这不是圭亚那第一次处理假旗行动。最近,五艘与叙利亚、伊朗和委内瑞拉有联系的油轮被发现虚假申报圭亚那注册。
美国制裁了这些船只,圭亚那证实,这些船只都没有在该国合法注册。
在2022年的一起类似案件中,一艘载有价值500多万美元弹药的船只在塞内加尔被扣留,当时它虚假悬挂圭亚那国旗。
调查显示,其注册是由一家名为圭亚那国际海事安全局(IMSAG)的欺诈公司签发的。圭亚那在发现其非法活动后,切断了与IMSAG的联系。
滥用虚假船舶登记已成为海运业的一个主要问题。
国际海事组织(IMO)于2024年标记了IMSAG管理的圭亚那登记处,警告称,尽管政府采取了防止欺诈的行动,但仍在颁发欺诈性的登记证书。
国际海事组织计划在2025年3月的法律委员会会议上讨论这个问题。
▲Image for representation purposes only
英文原文
Authorities in Venezuela have detained a tanker named Four Plus for sailing in their waters without permission and flying a fake Guyanese flag.
The incident took place on January 12, 2025, at Guamache port on Margarita Island, about 25 miles off Venezuela’s coast.
A team of officials, including the Coast Guard, anti-drug intelligence, and military counter-intelligence personnel, carried out the detention.
Vice Admiral Leonardo Castellano Molina, who heads the Eastern Maritime Defense Zone, ordered the investigation into the tanker’s suspicious activities.
The Four Plus is a 45,000 dwt product tanker built in 2000. It was previously named Yong Xin and is operated by Shanghai Xuanrun Shipping Co., a company based in China.
The ship has been owned by Chinese interests since 2018 and changed its name in October 2024.
According to AIS (Automatic Identification System) data, the vessel left Ningbo, China, on November 22, 2024, and arrived at Point Lisas Anchorage in Trinidad and Tobago on January 5, 2025.
The AIS signal stopped after that, making it unclear when the tanker entered the Venezuelan waters.
The Maritime Administration Department (MARAD) of Guyana confirmed that the ship is not registered in Guyana and does not have the right to fly the country’s flag.
MARAD issued a statement on January 13 saying, “The vessel is not authorized to fly the Guyana flag or claim Guyanese nationality.”
MARAD added that Guyana has a closed Ships’ Registry, which only allows vessels owned by Guyanese nationals, residents, or citizens of Caribbean Community (CARICOM) states to be registered.
The department also clarified that it does not offer a “flag of convenience” to foreign ships.
This is not the first time Guyana has dealt with false flag operations. Recently, five oil tankers linked to Syria, Iran, and Venezuela were found falsely claiming Guyanese registration.
The United States sanctioned these ships, and Guyana confirmed that none of them were legally registered in the country.
In a similar case in 2022, a ship carrying ammunition worth over $5 million was detained in Senegal while falsely flying the Guyana flag.
Investigation revealed that its registration was issued by a fraudulent company called the International Maritime Safety Agency of Guyana (IMSAG). Guyana then cut its ties with IMSAG after finding its illegal activities.
The misuse of fake ship registrations has become a major issue in the maritime industry.
The International Maritime Organization (IMO) flagged the IMSAG-administered Guyana registry in 2024, warning that fraudulent registration certificates were still being issued despite the government’s actions to prevent it.
The IMO plans to discuss the issue during its Legal Committee session in March 2025.
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